Crimean tatar ornament and decorative finishing of the elements of the crimean tatar housing

Abstract

Problem statement. The article considers a brief overview of the Crimean Tatar ornament and decorative finishing of the elements of the Crimean Tatar housing in the XVIII−XIX centuries in the mountain, foothill and steppe regions of the Crimea. The analysis of the semiotic meaning of color and shapes of various elements of the ornament in the architecture of a Crimean Tatar dwelling is carried out. The symbolic meaning of color and traditional graphic motifs in the ornaments of a Crimean Tatar housing is revealed. Over a number of eras, the complex evolution of ethnocultural traditions, which are based on ancient layers of the history of culture, is reflected in the architecture of the Crimean Tatars. The issues of the Crimean Tatar ornament and decorative finishing of the elements of the Crimean Tatar housing in the XVIII−XIX centuries in the mountain, foothill and steppe regions of the Crimea are of high importance. One of the components of the compositional organization of the Crimean Tatar housing of the XVIII−XIX centuries in the mountain, foothill and steppe regions of the Crimea is a system for the application of ornament and decorative finishing of housing elements in the planning of a house. The purpose of the article is to specify the Crimean Tatar ornament and decorative finishing of the elements of the Crimean Tatar housing in the XVIII−XIX centuries, taking into account geometric prerequisites, patterns and features of the development of stylistic and compositional solutions in the Crimean Tatar architecture, as well as identifying their significance for the architecture development in the Crimea in the XX century in conditions of reconstruction. Conclusions. The study of the Crimean Tatar ornament and decorative finishing of the elements of the Crimean Tatar housing in the XVIII−XIX centuries made possible: 1) to determine the significance of the Crimean Tatar ornament and decorative finishing of the Crimean Tatar housing elements in the XVIIIth−XIXth centuries, taking into account geometric prerequisites, patterns and features of the development of stylistic and compositional solutions in the Crimean Tatar architecture, as well as identifying their significance for the architecture development in the Crimea in the XX century in conditions of reconstruction; 2) to prove that the formation and development of the Crimean Tatar architecture is inextricably linked with the culture of interior design, which includes a complete synthesis of all types of decorative and applied art. Moreover, ceramic products play a special role in the decoration of the Crimean Tatar housing; 3) to establish more than several hundred original ornaments and style-forming elements of the decorative finishing of the Crimean Tatar dwelling.