Abstract
The problem questions of criminalistic interrelations of the crime method in sphere of economic activities with other elements of criminalistic characteristic (a subject of a criminal infringement, personality of a criminal, typical traces) are studied. Depending on circumstances, key value when investigating crimes in the sphere of economic activity may have any from the specified elements of the criminalistic characterictics. The analysis of investigative and judicial practice shows that there exist correlation dependences between such structural elements of a criminalistic characteristic of crimes in the sphere of economic activity as their method, typical traces and criminal personalities because the type and the method of a crime are in a close relation with the criminal personality. But as this research and investigative practice proves, for this type of crimes the method occupies a special, leading position. It’s a system-forming element of a criminalistic characteristic which is related with the other dependences of high degree ofprobability. It’s explained by that a method is most informative, and in it (by means of it) all components of process of preparation, fulfillment and crime concealment in the sphere of economic activity are fully displayed. The crimes methods study is a source for the newest recommendations on struggle against crime. The data about this criminalistic category is used for working out tactical means and methodical recommendations about disclosure, investigation and the prevention of crimes in the sphere of economic activity and also for the organization and planning of investigation. In particular, the information about the methods of crimes is used for providing comprehensiveness, all-roundness and efficiency of investigation; for search of the persons who have committed a crime, and also for the prevention from their committing by already known methods or by such that could appear.
Highlights
Сучасні методики розслідування злочинів базуються на їх криміналістичних характеристиках
Такий характер мають зв'язки способу злочину з службовим становищем його учасників
key value when investigating crimes in the sphere of economic activity may have any from the specified elements of the criminalistic characterictics
Summary
Сучасні методики розслідування злочинів базуються на їх криміналістичних характеристиках. Tеорія та практика судової експертизи і криміналістики. Що навіть криміналісти, які ставили під сумнів необхідність розроблення криміналістичної характеристики, указували, що серед її елементів є один дійсно криміналістичний елемент – спосіб учинення й приховування злочину та сліди, які він залишає[1]. Але залежно від слідчої ситуації ключове значення при розслідуванні злочинів у сфері економічної діяльності можуть мати різні елементи криміналістичної характеристики: спосіб злочину, обстановка вчинення злочину (зокрема, галузь господарства, вид виробничої діяльності, виробничий підрозділ, система контролю тощо), безпосередній предмет злочинного посягання, особа злочинця, типові сліди.
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