Crecimiento y maduración de los pacientes con hipotiroidismo congénito detectados por el programa de cribado neonatal en Cataluña (1986–1997)

Abstract

Background and objective Many countries have developed screening programs for CH that bring about a normal somatic and psychological development. The aim of this study is to evaluate the evolution of cases detected by the screening program of congenital hypothyroidism in Catalonia. Patients and methods The was a descriptive, longitudinal study of a series of 136 cases of congenital hypothyroidism detected by the screening program in Catalonia from 1986 to 1997 and who had been checked in the Maternal-infantile Vall d′Hebron Hospital in Barcelona. Follow-up was carried out for growth and a psychological exploration was performed (McCarthy test and WISC-R). Results Males (30 cases, 22.1%) and females (106 cases, 77.9%) with congenital hypothyroidism of this study had a height, weight and BMI that were not different from those of the current population of Barcelona. Height was 0.5 SD above the Tanner reference values of 1966 and BMI was one SD above the Roland-Cachera reference values of 1982. This secular acceleration of growth has been observed in all developed countries. In a sample of 37.5% of the cases, psychological development did not differ from that of the reference population. However, a greater intensity of neonatal hypothyroidism and its most delayed normalization correlated negatively with the score in the psychological tests. Conclusions Once normalization of growth and psychological development are achieved, the screening program of congenital hypothyroidism in Catalonia should be optimized by initiating treatment as soon as possible to avoid the possibility that some children do not reach their complete intellectual potential.