Creative Arts Diabetes Initiative: Group Art Therapy and Peer Support for Youth and Young Adults Transitioning From Pediatric to Adult Diabetes Care in Manitoba, Canada

Abstract

Abstract Psychosocial dysfunction is common in young adults of First Nations heritage living with type 2 diabetes in Manitoba. Improved psychosocial functioning may lead to better glycemic control, self-management and health outcomes. We offered 12 weeks of facilitated art therapy within a group/peer-support environment aiming to improve psychosocial functioning. A mixed methods study (n=12) with validated pre and post measures in diabetes related emotional distress (Problem Areas in Diabetes Questionnaire), social support (MOS Social Support Survey), emotional wellbeing (Mental Health Continuum-Short Form); portfolio review and satisfaction evaluation was completed. Of those who completed the art therapy intervention, diabetes distress decreased in 57.14%. Two individuals experienced a secondary diagnosis leading to increased distress. Social support increased in 71.43% of participants. Emotional wellbeing determined by high or low levels of positive emotion/positive functioning scores were categorized. Initially, 25% scored flourishing, 41.67% moderate, and 33.33% languishing with 28.57% improving to moderate post-intervention. The number of sessions attended was important. Those attending 70% tended to have better results. Consistent attendance was an issue for ∼40%. Growth was evident in artwork and qualitative responses. The program was evaluated highly and 90% would recommend it to others. Art therapy can serve as a catalyst for improved psychosocial functioning in young adults living with type 2 diabetes suggesting the need for more holistically-orientated health delivery models.