Creation Order in the Light of Redemption (1): Natural Science and Theology

Abstract

This chapter discusses the order of creation in relation to new creation. The first part is about science, eschatology, and the natural world. It argues that theoretical reflection should choose its starting point in our integral experience, not in scientific knowledge. I propose to relate the continuity between creation and new creation to what is called in Dooyeweerdian philosophy modal aspects and typical structures. Discontinuity can be connected with the specific laws and concrete properties that characterize these aspects and structures. The second part is about resurrection and personal identity. I reject substance dualism and its derivatives in which continuity between this life and the next is connected with mental and discontinuity with material properties. As an alternative, I propose the distinction between personal and structural identity. Personal identity can only be expressed in such personal terms as I and you. Structural identity covers both material and mental properties. I argue that there will be continuity and discontinuity in both respects. This may even apply to the intermediate state between death and resurrection, when we are “with Christ.” I suggest the possibility that we will have both material and mental properties in that state. As a general point it is argued that creation order should primarily be understood as the order that we live and experience, not as the abstract order described in scientific laws.