Creation of Straight-Chain Cationic Polysaccharide-Based Bile Salt Sequestrants Made from Euglenoid β-1,3-Glucan as Potential Antidiabetic Agents.

Abstract

Straight-chain polysaccharides have a greater potential of selectively adsorbing hydrophobic bile salts than resin-based bile salt sequesters because of ionic and hydrophobic interactions; hence, they may possess antidiabetic activity. The feasibility of using cationic polysaccharides made from euglenoid β-1,3-glucan (referred to as paramylon) as potential antidiabetic agents was examined by using in vitro and animal experiments. Cationic straight-chain polysaccharides were synthesized from euglenoid polysaccharide and glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride. The effects of administration of the synthetic polysaccharide on metabolic syndrome-related indicators were examined in high-fat diet-induced obesity mice. The degree of adsorption of bile salts by the polysaccharides was evaluated using spectroscopic analysis. Administration of the cationic paramylon derivatives significantly reduced body and mesenteric fat weight in high-fat diet-induced obesity mice. A noteworthy effect was that glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion was approximately three times higher in diet-induced obesity mice receiving cationic paramylon derivatives than in those receiving cellulose as a control. Our results indicate that these cationic paramylon derivatives are potential GLP-1 secretagogues suitable for further study.