Creation of energy-efficient and environmentally friendly energy sources on fossil fuels to address global climate issues

Abstract

For industrialized economies, a strategically important area is developing active methods for industrial use of carbon dioxide emissions to produce marketable products. A rational approach to the problem of clean generation should be based on the complete coordination of the output parameters of the CO2 discharged from the power plant and the input (working) CO2 parameters of the consumer, which will reduce the cost of emissions conditioning, and maintain power plant efficiency. The CO2 parameters from fossil fuel power plants and CO2 consumers’ potential were analyzed for three main indicators most sensitive to power generation: the amount of CO2, operating pressure, and purity considering the level of technological maturity and market attractiveness. Based on the analysis, three types of energy-industrial symbioses were identified with a cost-effective Power Plant – Consumer model without an intermediate unit for matching input and output parameters of CO2 (without a CO2 capture and conditioning system). A hybrid solution combining modern IGCC and the latest thermodynamic cycles based on oxy-fuel technologies is offered as a generalized configuration of the energy part of the promising complex. The concept and key technological solutions of the promising energy-industrial symbiosis “Power Generation Unit – CO2-based production” are being developed at Ural Federal University. Such symbiosis ensures the low-cost supply of CO2 to industrial consumers using mineralization technology. It will allow utilizing not only technogenic carbon but also ash, slag, and construction industry waste to produce marketable products (cement, concrete, and other materials).