Abstract
This article discusses the problems of creating an integrated system for monitoring the technical condition of highly responsible helicopter units, and analyzed options for its creation. Fiber-optical technology is considered as a technology, on the basis of which it is possible to build an integrated system, since this technology makes it possible to measure various physical parameters such as vibration, deformation, temperature, acoustic emission and other parameters, and due to the miniature dimensions of the fiber-optic light guide. It can be built into the PCM design, which is a relevant factor due to the growth use of PCM in the design and manufacture of helicopters. The results of bench and flight tests of helicopter pilot and rotor blades with fasteners using fiber optic deformation sensors based on a Bragg fiber grille demonstrate the fundamental possibility of creating a system for monitoring the technical condition of helicopter rotors using fiber optic sensors .Also, there are examples of creating other elements of an integrated monitoring system based on the use of fiber-optic technology, such as a system for signaling the breakdown of air flow and flutter on the helicopter rotor blades, a system for measuring the weight and alignment of helicopter cargo and a system for monitoring the technical condition of the airframe.
Highlights
At present, the main components of the aircraft are operated at a designated resource with a predetermined service interval, providing basically only a visual inspection
The results obtained during the bench and flight tests of the monitoring system of the technical condition of the blades of the helicopter’s main and tail rotors with their fasteners show that it is possible in principle to create a comprehensive system for monitoring the technical condition of highly responsible helicopter units based on the use of fiber optic sensors
Since it can be used to measure various physical parameters such as vibration, deformation, temperature, acoustic emission and other parameters, and due to the miniature dimensions of the fiber-optic light guide, it can be built into the polymer composite materials (PCM) design, which is a relevant factor due to use of PCM in the design and manufacture of helicopters
Summary
The main components of the aircraft are operated at a designated resource with a predetermined service interval, providing basically only a visual inspection In this case, the same resource is assigned to the entire fleet of machines of the same type, which does not imply an individual approach to the maintenance of equipment. One of the representatives of this technology is the T-HUMS system, the developer of RSL, Israel, which is installed on helicopters such as AH-64 and CH-53, and is responsible for monitoring the operation of the engine, transmission, gearboxes, balancing and coaxial screws As a rule, such systems are based on the principle of vibration monitoring, which allows to evaluate changes in the amplitude-frequency spectrum of moving elements of helicopter units, without the possibility of detecting hidden mechanical damage in such structures as steering and main rotor blades with their attachment elements and elements of a helicopter airframe. Comprehensive system for monitoring the technical condition of high-responsive helicopter units
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