Creation of a speech environment for preschool children in their native language in conditions of its insufficient functioning in family and society

Abstract

Preschool educational organizations participating in the revitalization of the ethnic languages ​​of the indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East need a special bilingual educational system with an effective methodology for creating a speech environment, developed on the basis of the federal state educational standard for preschool education and an environmental approach. In this regard, in order to eliminate language deprivation, which has become a stable phenomenon in preschool educational organizations in which children of the indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of the Russian Federation are brought up, it is necessary to take systemic measures aimed at improving the quality of the native speech of teachers, creating didactic materials, including digital resources to create a developing speech environment, the development of a special technique that reveals the speech potential of children. The purpose of the research is the creation of a model of the ethnocultural speech environment in the native language for preschool children in conditions of insufficient functioning of the native language. The article provides a comprehensive description of the research results on the creation of a speech environment in preschool educational institutions in native languages ​​of the indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of the Russian Federation. The results are presented: 1) a description of educational practices, built on the principle of “one person – one language”, aimed at the development of early bilingualism in preschool children; 2) analysis of the main problems of the speech environment in preschool educational organizations located in places of compact residence of indigenous minorities; 3) a description of the model for creating an ethnocultural speech environment in the native language for preschool children based on the principle of “one person – one language” and the concept of “developing speech environment”. As part of this study, a model for creating an ethnocultural speech environment for preschool children has been developed, taking into account the requirements of important state documents regulating the educational activities of kindergartens. First of all, the model is intended for the use by kindergartens implementing an educational program in conditions of insufficient functioning in the family and society of the native language of the indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of the Russian Federation. In order to introduce a model for creating an ethnocultural speech developmental environment for preschool children in the educational process, guidelines have been developed for parents and employees of preschool educational organizations.