Abstract
The aim of the research was to create 3D cartographic visualization based on various sources and data types of an existing historical topographic object. The authors will present the stages of the research for the historical windmill located in Poland. The most recent surveying methods, such as GNSS method, low-level aerial photogrammetry and advanced IT tools, including computer software, will be applied for this purpose. The sequence of research procedures adopted by the authors of this article allowed for the creation of a 3D model of the tested windmill and its implementation into the Internet environment. This allowed to increase the cartographic range of spatial information. In addition, the research results allow for the extension of research in the field of history and can be the basis for their implementation.
Highlights
The landscape determinants of Wielkopolska region in preindustrial and early industrial times were, among others, windmills (Lorek and Medyńska-Gulij 2019)
One of them may be the observation of the dynamics of movement of participants of mass events and their analysis based on designed cartographic visualizations (Medyńska-Gulij et al 2020)
Aerotriangulation of the imagery, obtained on the basis of GCPs surveyed with the use of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) and the SfM algorithm (Westoby 2012), makes it possible to generate a detailed 3D model of the object recorded and the surrounding relief with the accuracy up to several millimetres (Tab. 2)
Summary
The landscape determinants of Wielkopolska region in preindustrial and early industrial times were, among others, windmills (Lorek and Medyńska-Gulij 2019). An important aspect of research is the process of combining geohistorical and geocomputational approaches (Wilson 2005; Wästfelt 2020) Combining both approaches in research reduces the disadvantages and highlights the advantages of both approaches, that is why this article is based on combining what is old (archival maps, existing historical topographic object) and what is new (images from a low altitude, way of presenting results) (Horbiński and Lorek 2020). The traditional presentation of 3D cartographic visualizations on the Internet (Horbiński and Medyńska-Gulij 2017) counteracts the problems with the size of files It eliminates hardware imperfections on the recipient’s side, viewing is possible on many devices, such as a computer, laptop, tablet, smartphone, and offers the largest group of recipients, which is why the authors of this article decided to use this form of presentation of the obtained research results during the implementation of the second specific objective. The individual components of the workflow will be described in more detail in later parts of the paper
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