Abstract
Many materials in nature exhibit excellent mechanical properties. In this study, we evaluated the bionic bumper structure models by using nonlinear finite element (FE) simulations for their crashworthiness under full-size impact loading. The structure contained the structural characteristics of cattail and bamboo. The results indicated that the bionic design enhances the specific energy absorption (SEA) of the bumper. The numerical results showed that the bionic cross-beam and bionic box of the bionic bumper have a significant effect on the crashworthiness of the structure. The crush deformation of bionic cross-beam and box bumper model was reduced by 33.33%, and the total weight was reduced by 44.44%. As the energy absorption capacity under lateral impact, the bionic design can be used in the future bumper body.
Highlights
In traffic accidents, the bumper, side-door beam, and Bpillar of a car can absorb the impact of energy to ensure the safety of drivers and passengers
We had investigated two bionic bumper models under full-size crash and size impact loading, with both bumpers imitating the structural characteristics of cattail and bamboo
Three FE models had been investigated on crashworthiness using nonlinear finite element code LS-DYNA
Summary
The bumper, side-door beam, and Bpillar of a car can absorb the impact of energy to ensure the safety of drivers and passengers. The cross-beam under the bumper is usually loaded as a thin-walled section of the lateral compression (Figure 1). Fang et al [8] had investigated the energy absorption characteristics of the functionally graded foam-filler into rectangular columns in transverse impact loading. Some researcher had introduced the special cross sections of thin-walled structures as energy absorbers under various load conditions [9,10,11]. Alavi Nia and Parsapour [13] had investigated the mechanical behavior of the triangular, square, hexagonal, and octagonal sections of the thin-walled tubes under the quasi-static axial loading. We simulated the process of energy absorption under axial/lateral loading and drop impact by using nonlinear finite element code LS-DYNA. The results showed that the design of bionic structure could be further improved for better crashworthiness and structural behaviors
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