Abstract
Abstract Craniopharyngiomas develop in a region of the brain surrounded by numerous critical structures, including the optic pathway, pituitary, hypothalamus, temporal lobes, brainstem, and major intracerebral blood vessels. This complex intracranial environment creates a challenge for radiation dose delivery and carries a risk of significant radiation-induced toxicity. Compared to photon-based radiation therapy, proton therapy allows for a decrease in the radiation dose to uninvolved tissues surrounding the target. Reports on efficacy of proton therapy for craniopharyngioma are comparable to those achieved with photons, with minimal acute effects and a reduction in late effects. The inconstant nature of the cystic component of craniopharyngiomas poses yet another challenge for the radiation oncologist. The optimal technical approach for treating craniopharyngiomas with proton therapy is currently controversial because treatment requires a robust plan that offers high conformality with flexibility to modi...
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