Craniometric Measurements and Surgical Outcomes in Trigonocephaly Patients Who Underwent Surgical Treatment.

Nuri Serdar Baş,Serap Baş

doi:10.7759/cureus.13676

Nuri Serdar Baş, Serap Baş

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.13676

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Abstract

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to discuss the results of craniometric measurements and surgical treatments in patients operated for isolated trigonocephaly (TC) in light of the current literature.MethodsA total of 18 cases who underwent surgery for isolated TC were included in the study. Age, gender, family history, follow-up time, complications, duration of surgery, surgical blood loss, and amount of blood replacement in these patients were recorded. Craniometric measurements such as metopic angle (MA), cephalic index (CI), interparietal distance (IPD), intercoronal distance (ICD), and their ratio to each other were evaluated according to pre-and postoperative parameters. Photographs of the patients were taken before and after the operation. The Whitaker classification and Kampf "aesthetic outcome staging" were used in the evaluations.ResultsThe mean MA values after the operation increased to reach above 147 degrees in all cases. The average CI did not change. ICD measurement averages increased significantly. The average IPD/ICD ratio decreased due to the increase in ICD and the enlargement of the anterior fossa after the operation. According to the Whitaker classification and Kampf “aesthetic outcome staging” scale, 17 of our cases were at stage I, rated as perfect, and one was at stage II, rated as good.ConclusionSurgery performed at the appropriate time for TC yields cosmetically satisfactory results. Since potential neurological and cognitive morbidities occur mostly in school-age patients, long-term follow-up of the cases is required. Performing craniometric measurements enables patients to be evaluated with objective and measurable numerical data.

Highlights

(TC) is a type of craniosynostosis (CS) that develops due to the premature fusing of the metopic suture
18 patients who underwent surgery for isolated TC were included. These patients were assessed based on the pre-and postoperative parameters of craniometric measurements such as age, gender, family history, the period of follow-up, complications, duration of surgery, surgical blood loss, blood replacement and amount, metopic angle (MA), cephalic index (CI), interparietal distance (IPD), intercoronal distance (ICD) as well as their ratios to each other, and the data were recorded (Table 1)
TC is a congenital head shape anomaly that needs to be treated surgically, and cosmetic correction and adding volume to the frontal brain structures are the ultimate goals of the treatment

Summary

Introduction

(TC) is a type of craniosynostosis (CS) that develops due to the premature fusing of the metopic suture. The anterior corner of the triangle is formed by the metopic suture, and the compensatorily expanded parieto-occipital bones form the posterior two corners. The prevalence of TC was previously reported to range from 1/10,000 to 1/15000 births on average, its incidence has increased in recent years [1,2,3,4]. 20.1%-25.5% of all patients with synostosis have been reported to have TC [3,4]. The treatment of the TC is surgical, and various surgical techniques have been described in the literature [3]

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