Craniological indices of cows of Angler breed on the example of the collection of the state museum of animal husbandry named after E. F. Liskun

Abstract

Agricultural craniology is a branch of morphology fi rst studied in detail by academician E. F. Liskun. The purpose of the work was to characterize the indices of the craniums of cattle of Angler breed, which are in the collection of the State Museum of Animal Husbandry named after E. F. Liskun. The work was devoted to the calculation of indices based on measurements of the craniums of cattle of Angler breed, which are necessary for a detailed and more complete study of the craniological features of animals, as well as for conclusions about morphological changes within the breed that have occurred for a long time. As a result of the work carried out, a craniological characteristic of cattle of Angler breed was given. Based on measurements of craniums, the calculated indices characterize in detail the craniums of cattle of Angler breed and allow them to be characterized as follows: narrow, mediumlength forehead; the average distance between horns (for horned); the muzzle is relatively short, of medium length; the eye sockets are raised; the nasal bones are short and slightly wide; the mandibular bones are short and wide; the dentition is long, and the toothless space is of medium length; the profi le is low, the poll is high, of medium width. With the help of the indices of long-forehead, long-muzzle, length of nasal bones, the ratio of the length of the nasal bones to long-forehead, broad-forehead, distance between horns, broad-muzzle, broad-nose, height of the poll, the smallest width of the poll, length of the mandibular bones, it is possible to analyze the current state of this breed of cattle in comparison with its similar representatives of the late XIX – early XX century.