Abstract
Cranberries are rich in bioactive constituents purported to enhance immune function, improve urinary tract health, reduce cardiovascular disease and more recently, inhibit cancer in preclinical models. However, identification of the cranberry constituents with the strongest cancer inhibitory potential and the mechanism associated with cancer inhibition by cranberries remains to be elucidated. This study investigated the ability of a proanthocyanidin rich cranberry fraction (PAC) to alter gene expression, induce apoptosis and impact the cell cycle machinery of human NCI-H460 lung cancer cells. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States and five year survival rates remain poor at 16%. Thus, assessing potential inhibitors of lung cancer-linked signaling pathways is an active area of investigation.
Highlights
States and despite recent advances in treatment overall prognosis remains poor [1]
We utilized global gene expression analysis of NCI-H460 human lung cancer cells which were treated with 50 μg/mL proanthocyanidin rich cranberry fraction (PAC) or vehicle for 6 hours
G1 checkpoint; we have recently found that PAC can induce arrest at the G2 checkpoint in esophageal adenocarcinoma cells (EAC) supporting that specific cell death inducing effects differ between cell lines, likely due to the molecular profile of the individual cell line under investigation
Summary
States and despite recent advances in treatment overall prognosis remains poor [1]. The development of effective agents for the prevention and treatment of lung cancer is an active area of investigation. The current study sought to investigate potential cancer inhibitory mechanisms associated with a proanthocyanidin rich cranberry fraction (PAC) in “resistant” lung cancer cells. The investigation of such food-derived agents holds particular promise given the repeated negative results of vitamin/mineral/antioxidant supplementation trials in at risk cohorts [18,19,20,21]. Promising food-derived agents with cancer inhibitory effects supplied at behaviorally achievable levels are likely to be well tolerated and safe These are important considerations for relatively healthy cohorts who may consume cancer protective agents for extended periods to derive maximum health benefits. Understanding the specific mechanisms of cancer inhibition is important for preventive interventions, but may hold promise for reversing a “resistant” phenotype prior to cancer chemotherapy
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