Abstract
This paper presents the feasibility study of structural assessment and monitoring of two-story house due to soil settlement which was not well-compact before construction commenced. Two stages assessments were conducted to monitor and evaluate the structural integrity of existing double-story house which involves preliminary investigation and detailed assessment. Preliminary investigation includes visual inspection of cracks, soil settlement and structural damages. Meanwhile, detailed assessment comprises of crack width measurement, Non-Destructive Test (NDT) and resistivity test. The first detail assessment was carried out on 18th July 2019 which involved crack width measurement, Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) test and rebound hammer test. The second inspection was conducted on 19th October 2019 to monitor and identify the integrity of the structure and the main causes of the problem. Visual inspection and non-destructive test indicate that the defects found in the house can be categorized as partial damage due to soil settlement. Resistivity test showed that there were cavities and void areas underneath the house and during raining season these void areas were filled with water. The soil underneath the house consists of clay, sand, alluvium and limestone. Results from rebound hammer and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) during the monitoring works showed that low compressive strength and poor quality of concrete were developed, respectively. Besides that, monitoring crack width using veneer caliper showed that the crack was active and extended in a short period of time. Therefore, it is recommended to fill up the void area underneath the house with self-compacting concrete in order to control the cracks and structural damages of double-story house.
Highlights
Forensic engineering is defined as the application of engineering principles or judgment of failures to infrastructures and buildings through monitoring and assessment for certain period of time
This study is proposed to assess and monitor the structural health monitoring and soil properties of a two-story house that consists of two main stages which are preliminary and detailed assessment
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) test was conducted according to BS EN 12504-4:2004 and applied on all visible crack lines or opening around the building to ensure the presence of discontinuities within concrete structure to describe quality of concrete
Summary
Forensic engineering is defined as the application of engineering principles or judgment of failures to infrastructures and buildings through monitoring and assessment for certain period of time. The cracks and damages for three types of beam-column joint under vertical and in-plane lateral cyclic loading can be classified according to color coding, description of damage level, displacement, drift and ductility [3, 4, 5] Based on these experimental works, moderate to minor damages of structures can be repaired, retrofitted and monitored the cracks propagation in the Heavy Structure Laboratory, Universiti Teknologi Mara, Selangor, Malaysia [6]. The NDT test such as Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV), measurement crack width using Vernier Caliper, rebound hammer test and electrical resistivity test were to be carried out to monitor the cracks propagation and cause of cracks in double-story residential house due to soil settlement
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