Abstract
T his paper presents measurements of the crack opening profile during cleavage crack extension and arrest in A533B Class 1 steel specimens subject to a stress and temperature gradient. The crack opening profiles were measured by two independent methods: (1) displacement transducers using Hall effect sensors that measured the crack opening profiles away from the crack tip and (2) a post-test fractographic technique (the fracture surface topography analysis, FRASTA) that reconstructed the details of the fracture process and measured the near crack tip opening profile. The measured evolution of the crack opening profiles during the experiment was consistent with the calculated stress intensity history and provided a basis for interpreting the crack propagation and arrest behaviors. This observation suggests that the crack opening displacement and crack opening angle concepts are promising parameters to characterize dynamic fracture in elasto-plastic or visco-plastic materials. Under the conditions prevailing in the present experiments (increasing toughness, decreasing crack speed) the cleavage crack maintained a sharp tip during propagation. The crack fully arrested before significant blunting of the tip occurred because of dynamic reloading. Comparison of the crack opening profiles measured with either of the two independent methods demonstrated that during dynamic fracture events useful estimates of the near crack tip opening profile can be obtained from remote crack face displacement measurements.
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