Crack cocaine, a systematic literature review

Abstract

Forensic nbsp analyzes nbsp that nbsp allow nbsp the nbsp differentiation nbsp of nbsp crack nbsp and nbsp cocaine nbsp combined nbsp with nbsp the nbsp verification of crack adulterants allow inferences about the implication of this drug in human health since several studies show that there is a growing number of crack users which when compared to crack cocaine Make use of this drug are exposed to products occurring due to the procurement processes as well as the adulterants placed in the samples The addition of different substances adulterants and diluents in crack freebase is a well known phenomenon in the illicit market Adulterants may interact with cocaine and determine new toxic syndromes by inferring the clinical state of poisoning especially in cases where the routes of administration are changed In Brazil the analysis of adulterants contaminants and or diluents added to crack is not routine in official laboratories Cocaine is the second most commonly used illicit drug after marijuana in the United States According to national sense more than million Americans years of age and older have used cocaine at least once in their lifetime There are no drugs approved for pharmacotherapeutic substitution drugs taken chronically as a substitute for drug abuse such as methadone for heroin addiction In this context a bibliographic survey was carried out in original articles review articles and analysis analyzes obtained from the PubMed database As inclusion criteria the association between the terms ldquo cocaine rdquo and ldquo crack rdquo was used Found works related to the theme being selected scientific papers for the development of the present work among them original articles review articles journal articles and book chapters because they have greater relevance to the main objective i e pharmacological approach mechanism of action biosynthesis adverse effects tolerance among others to compose the context of this study