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Abstract
This study verifies associated factors with trait and state anxiety in professional soccer teams during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample was composed of 315 athletes, coaches, and physical trainers of professional soccer teams during the COVID-19 pandemic. From this amount, 214 were classified with trait anxiety, and 315 were classified with state anxiety using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). This study is an epidemiological and cross-sectional study. We applied an observational method, and we performed a remote measurement. The measurement was made via online questionnaires in male and female individuals working on soccer teams (soccer professionals or athletes) who could be affected by anxiety during social isolation in the COVID-19 pandemic. Each questionnaire was composed of sociodemographic questions, self-perceived performance, and STAI. The main results indicated a significant difference between female vs. male soccer professionals in state anxiety (54.97 ± 9.43 vs. 57.65 ± 9.48 index) and trait anxiety (54.21 ± 5.74 vs. 55.76 ± 6.41 index) with higher results in men. Sociodemographic variables impacted significant differences between female and male athletes and professionals of soccer clubs, and anxiety during the pandemic COVID-19 period impacted self-perceived performance analysis. The present results highlight the importance of cognitive behavior therapy for professional soccer teams.
Highlights
COVID-19 was discovered in a Chinese province called Wuhan, and it is a virus in the family of coronaviruses responsible for respiratory diseases
The study’s objective is to compare the factors that can increase trait and state anxiety among professionals and soccer players according to the influence of gender during the COVID-19 pandemic
The measurement was made via online questionnaires in male and female individuals working on soccer teams who could be affected by anxiety during social isolation in the COVID-19 pandemic
Summary
COVID-19 was discovered in a Chinese province called Wuhan, and it is a virus in the family of coronaviruses responsible for respiratory diseases. The mobilization to face this disease is global, and research in the area increases its understanding. As it is a disease with a high rate of transmission, containment measures had to be taken in order to minimize the spread and its associated damage, such as the use of masks, constant hand washing, and more significant concern with hygiene practices, prohibitions of circulation, and suspension of events of all magnitudes, including sports (WHO, 2020). Being at home in a time of so much uncertainty regarding the virus and humanity’s future can lead to problems such as anxiety because the changes in habitual ways of life can make people feel anxious and insecure (Usher et al, 2020). We cannot always face anxiety as a bad thing, since in mild degrees, being anxious can serve as a motivation to perform a football task, for example
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