COVID-19 Identification System from X-Ray Images of Chest using Deep Neural Network with Transfer Learning

Abstract

Recently, the impact of COVID-19 has significantly diminished; however, it has not been completely eradicated. There are still instances where individuals are experiencing suffering due to this life-threatening virus which has a significant impact on health care as well as lifestyles throughout the world. So, early discovery is important to controlling case extension and the death rate. The RT-PCR is known as the true leading diagnosis test; nevertheless, the expense and result times of these tests are long, thus additional quick and accessible diagnostic techniques are required. However, most countries are suffering due to limited testing resources and kits. The unavailability of testing resources, kits, and a rising amount of regular occurrences, caused us to develop a model on Deep Learning which may benefit radiologists as well as doctors for detecting COVID-19 instances using images of chest X-rays. For developing a representation of modality-specific features, a convolutions neural network and a variety of ImageNet pre-trained models are trained and evaluated at the patient level by using different available CXR datasets. We choose 5000 images in total from the dataset collected from Kaggle where we kept 4000 images in case of training and validation, and the remaining 1000 in case of testing. We use four Pre-train Deep CNN Models which are very popular for image calcification. VVG16, VGG19, InceptionV3, and Resnet50 CNN Models we choose to analyze the performance and find the best one among them. In our testing, we get 88.5% testing accuracy on ResNet and 95.10% on InceptionV3 models while VGG19 gives 90.22% accuracy and VGG16 gives the highest 96.10% accuracy. To increase performance accuracy, Transfer Learning knowledge is transmitted and fine-tuned. After applying Transfer Learning in the modified VGG16 we got an accuracy of 97% which is clearly an improvement over the previous VGG16 model. GUB JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, Vol 10(1), 2023 P 53-67