Abstract
This article looks at the 2020 period of COVID-19 and especially the first months through the lens of public policy support for care in Europe. It covers the policy responses to both care for young children and frail, ill or disabled adults and develops an understanding of care as welfare-related activity focused on practices and resources oriented to meeting care-related need. The article’s over-arching research question centres around how European countries responded to the 2020 pandemic, especially in regard to the types of care need that were recognized, the resources committed, the actors/agency that were supported or taken for granted and the values underpinning the responses. What we find from the review is that, while care assumed a strong place in public rhetoric, this was not reflected in greater public resourcing of care for young children or long-term care. Instead, care for children was refamilialized and long-term care was under-resourced and relegated to a secondary position; both were in many ways rendered further dependent on the private agency of individuals. In sum, the pandemic spearheaded some reversion to old practices and the opportunity to invest in care as a human need, a basis of rights and entitlements and a valued activity was not availed of.
Highlights
This paper looks at COVID-19 through the lens of public policy on care
They might originate from the over-arching health/medical interpretation of the pandemic. Another possible explanation is of logistical and regulation difficulties in mounting a response in the generally more fragmented, diverse and already less well-resourced adult care sector which, in comparison to the health sector, tends to be less professionalized and to have poorer working conditions (Addati et al, 2018; Spasova et al, 2018; Rocard et al, 2021). It seems that in the field of childcare, policies were ill-prepared for COVID-19, and short-term responses often bridged the way in the absence of longer-term solutions for integrating all children into the “new normal” of early childhood education and care and schooling under pandemic conditions (Blum and Dobrotić 2020)
The analysis undertaken above allows us a first take at questions around the policy configuration during the 2020 phases of COVID-19 in regard to care for children and adults
Summary
This article looks at the 2020 period of COVID-19 and especially the first months through the lens of public policy support for care in Europe. It covers the policy responses to both care for young children and frail, ill or disabled adults and develops an understanding of care as welfare-related activity focused on practices and resources oriented to meeting care-related need. The article’s over-arching research question centres around how European countries responded to the 2020 pandemic, especially in regard to the types of care need that were recognized, the resources committed, the actors/agency that were supported or taken for granted and the values underpinning the responses. What we find from the review is that, while care assumed a strong place in public rhetoric, this was not reflected in greater public resourcing of care for young children or long-term care.
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