Abstract
(1) Background: Although there are extensive data on admission co-variates and outcomes of persons with coronavirus infectious disease-2019 (COVID-19) at diverse geographic sites, there are few, if any, subject-level comparisons between sites in regions and countries. We investigated differences in hospital admission co-variates and outcomes of hospitalized people with COVID-19 between Wuhan City, China and the New York City region, USA. (2) Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical data on 1859 hospitalized subjects with COVID-19 in Wuhan City, China, from 20 January to 4 April 2020. Data on 5700 hospitalized subjects with COVID-19 in the New York City region, USA, from 1 March to 4 April 2020 were extracted from an article by Richardson et al. Hospital admission co-variates (epidemiological, demographic, and laboratory co-variates) and outcomes (rate of intensive care unit [ICU] admission, invasive mechanical ventilation [IMV], major organ failure and death, and length of hospital stay) were compared between the cohorts. (3) Results: Wuhan subjects were younger, more likely female, less likely to have co-morbidities and fever, more likely to have a blood lymphocyte concentration > 1 × 109/L, and less likely to have abnormal liver and cardiac function tests compared with New York subjects. There were outcomes data on all Wuhan subjects and 2634 New York subjects. Wuhan subjects had higher blood nadir median lymphocyte concentrations and longer hospitalizations, and were less likely to receive IMV, ICU hospitalization, and interventions for kidney failure. Amongst subjects not receiving IMV, those in Wuhan were less likely to die compared with New York subjects. In contrast, risk of death was similar in subjects receiving IMV at both sites. (4) Conclusions: We found different hospital admission co-variates and outcomes between hospitalized persons with COVID-19 between Wuhan City and the New York region, which should be useful developing a comprehensive global understanding of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and COVID-19.
Highlights
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, which causes coronavirus infectious disease-2019 (COVID-19), began in Wuhan City, China, in December 2019
We interrogated data on hospital admission co-variates and outcomes of persons with COVID-19 in Wuhan City, China, and the New York City region, and detected substantial differences. These data should be useful in developing a comprehensive global understanding of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and COVID-19
Between 4 February and 18 February 2020, persons with clinical symptoms and a lung computed tomography (CT) scan consistent with COVID-19 were diagnosed as having COVID-19 without confirmation of SARS-CoV-2-infection by quantitative reverse transcript polymerase chain reaction
Summary
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, which causes coronavirus infectious disease-2019 (COVID-19), began in Wuhan City, China, in December 2019. There are considerable data regarding risk factors for death from COVID-19, such as older age; male sex; co-morbidities, such as arterio-sclerotic cardio- and vascular disease (ASCVD); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); diabetes and cancer; and abnormal laboratory covariates, including high D-dimmer concentration, high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, low blood platelet concentration, high procalcitonin concentration, and increased interleukin-6 concentration [4,5,6]. In addition to these risk factors there are substantial differences in diagnostic criteria for COVID-19 and for hospital admission between different geographic regions, countries, and cities [7,8,9,10]
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