Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 virus was first identified in the beginning of 2020 and has spread all over the world, causing the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The virus is a member of the Coronavirus family, which includes viruses that cause common cold, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). MERS and SARS are known by causing adverse events in pregnancy. Considering that SARS-CoV-2 is a new infection agent, little is known about the risk of its infection to human embryo/fetal development. However, SARS and MERS were associated with negative outcomes, such as miscarriage, preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction and perinatal death. Here, we raise concerns and possibilities related the harmful potential of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 to pregnancy, discussing symptoms, immunological changes during pregnancy, SARS-CoV-2 mutation rate (and the risks related to it). Finally, we point out recommendations to be performed by the scientific community and health care workers in order to identify and to manage potential risks to pregnant women and their babies.
Highlights
Since the beggining of 2020, COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) has become the main concern worldwide, once its pandemic has reached all continents, infecting and causing death of thousands of people
*The authors contributed to this work. Such as common cold (229E, NL63, OC43 and HKU1), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) (Su et al, 2016; Cui et al, 2019). Both MERS and SARS are related to more severe respiratory symptoms and are associated mainly with nosocomial spread, whereas SARS-CoV-2 is much more widely transmitted in the community (Munster et al; 2020)
This study showed that Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) caused by COVID-19 was diagnosed in 978 pregnant and postpartum women in Brazil during the study period, of which 124 deaths were in pregnant or postpartum women (i.e. 3.4 times higher than the total number of COVID-19-related maternal deaths reported worldwide) (Takemoto et al, 2020)
Summary
Since the beggining of 2020, COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) has become the main concern worldwide, once its pandemic has reached all continents, infecting and causing death of thousands of people. Taking into account that SARS-Cov-2 is a new species of virus, much less is known about the risk of the infection in different scenarios, especially during pregnancy and possible damages to the developing baby.
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