COVID-19 and the Curse of Piecemeal Perspectives.

Chris Walzer

doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.582983

Abstract

The world is in turmoil. A novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has catapulted across the ever-evolving interface between humans and wild places relentlessly spreading coronavirus disease (COVID-19) amongst humans and bringing immense suffering and death to the farthest reaches of our planet. What was immediately apparent was that the virus responsible for this outbreak originated in wild animals. A wildlife source does not come as a surprise as the majority of emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic and two-thirds have their origin in wildlife. The commercial use of wildlife for consumption encompassing both legal and illegal trade is poorly regulated with porous boundaries between the two entities. This trade, particularly in live animals, creates super-interfaces along the food value chain co-mingling species from many different geographies and habitats while creating perfect conditions for the exchange and recombination of viruses. Since the SARS outbreak in 2002/2003, broad scientific consensus exists that long term, structural changes, and wildlife trade and market closures will be required to prevent future epidemics. The pragmatic, most cost-effective action governments can take with immediate effect is to ban the commercial trade of wild birds and mammals for consumption. Most importantly, this reduces the risk of future zoonotic transmission while also safeguarding resources for those Indigenous Peoples and local communities who rely on wild meat to meet their nutritional requirements.

Highlights

Since the SARS outbreak in 2002/2003, broad scientific consensus exists that long term, structural changes, and wildlife trade and market closures will be required to prevent future epidemics [6, 28, 29]
Raising concern for food security of Indigenous Peoples and local communities (IPLCs) is a thinly veiled smokescreen to enable a return to business as normal while distracting from the fact that large, live-wildlife-trading markets in South-East Asia and China predominantly cater to the economically empowered middle and upper classes supplying expensive wild luxury meats and ego-bolstering status symbols
Food security and rights of IPLCs do not rely on international trade in live wildlife

Summary

Introduction

As in previous zoonotic coronavirus spillover events of global concern, a bat species is most likely the evolutionary host to the on-going SARS-CoV-2 pandemic [4]. We have to acknowledge that zoonotic spillover events and subsequent outbreaks are inevitable, as the interfaces between wildlife and humans increase, primarily due to deforestation and agricultural expansion [19].

Results

Conclusion