Abstract
The interplay between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and pulmonary hypertension (PH) in children is unknown. Adults with PH are at potential risk for severe complications and high mortality due to associated comorbidities. It is difficult to extrapolate the outcomes of COVID-19 in adults to pediatric PH patients. Overall, a small number of COVID-19 cases is reported in patients with preexisting PH. Several factors may be responsible for the low incidence of COVID-19 in children with PH. Pulmonary hypertension is a rare disease, testing is not universal, and patients may have followed more rigorously the Center for Disease Control’s guidelines recommended for personal protection with mask-wearing, social distancing, and hand sanitization through ongoing health education. The small number of COVID-19 cases in patients with preexisting PH does not support that PH is protective for COVID-19. However, medications used to treat PH may have some protection against COVID-19. This review discusses the pathophysiology of PH occurring with COVID-19, differences between children and adults with COVID-19, strategies for management of preexisting PH in children during the ongoing pandemic, and its impact within the field of PH.
Highlights
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a catastrophic impact on global health, with more than 60 million confirmed cases worldwide and more than 1.4 million deaths [1]
The purpose of the review is to discuss the pathophysiology to discuss the pathophysiology of pulmonary hypertension (PH) occurring with COVID-19, differences between children and of PH occurring with COVID-19, between adults
The novel novelcoronavirus, coronavirus,SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-2, produces effects through its spike protein interaction the receptors highly expressed in alveolar lung cells and the with the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors highly expressed in alveolar lung cells vascular endothelium in patients who have cellViral entrycell requires serinethe protease, and the vascular endothelium in patients who have COVID-19 entry the requires serine transmembrane serine protease (TMPRSS2), to be expressed on the host cell
Summary
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a catastrophic impact on global health, with more than 60 million confirmed cases worldwide and more than 1.4 million deaths [1]. Children are increasingly infected with the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as the pandemic unfolds. Patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) are vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 as it is primarily a respiratory virus. There is little data on the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 in children with preexisting PH, or the incidence of PH occurring in conjunction with COVID-19. A systematic search on electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, medRxiv, and bioRxV) was performed using the terms “children with preexisting PH and SARS-CoV-2”, “PH in children occurring with COVID-19”, “impact of COVID-19 on preexisting. The purpose of the review is to discuss the pathophysiology to discuss the pathophysiology of PH occurring with COVID-19, differences between children and of PH occurring with COVID-19, between adults. PH in children during the pandemic, and the impact of COVID-19 within the field of PH.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
