Abstract
In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared a pandemic state in response to the number of infected and killed by COVID-19. Gestational diabetes (GD) is characterized by physiological changes making pregnant women even more vulnerable to viral respiratory infections, such as SARS-CoV-2. For these reasons and due to the restriction of data related to DMG and the involvement by COVID-19, the importance of raising information about these two conditions is evident. Therefore, this study aimed to perform a literature review about the complications of COVID-19 in patients with GD. MEDLINE-PubMed, EMBASE, and Scielo databases were searched and followed the PRISMA guidelines. Only four studies were included in the systematic review. The complications and mortality are more significant in pregnant women with diabetes since hyperglycemia promotes immune changes in the inflammatory state and worsens insulin resistance. The imbalance in the immune response favors the development of infections, the most likely being viral respiratory infections. On the other hand, other studies show insufficient recent evidence to indicate that pregnant women are more susceptible to infection with severe acute coronavirus respiratory syndrome. There are divergences between studies concerning complications related to COVID-19 in patients with GD. In view of this scenario and from the information obtained, it is noted that the literature is scarce regarding the worsening of COVID-19 in patients with GD. Therefore, it is necessary to continue research on these mechanisms that may justify their correlation.
Highlights
In December 2019, in the Chinese city of Wuhan, a variety of viruses from the Coronavirus group emerged and was named SARS-CoV-2, due to the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
There are divergences between studies concerning complications related to COVID-19 in patients with Gestational diabetes (GD)
Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria used for this work, four studies showed the relationship of COVID-19 in DMG patients (Figure 1)
Summary
In December 2019, in the Chinese city of Wuhan, a variety of viruses from the Coronavirus group emerged and was named SARS-CoV-2, due to the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus. Viral infection induces inflammatory responses through a cascade of cytokines and growth factors, which can damage lung tissue and are responsible for the Acute Respiratory Syndrome [3] [4]. Some conditions predispose to the severe form of the disease. This is possibly due to an impairment of the immune response. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), in particular, seems to be associated with a worse prognosis once hyperglycemia, in addition to the association with the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGES) result in oxidative stress and inflammatory process that can favor viral replication [5]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
