Abstract
Information on the initial effects of a novel coronavirus, COVID-19, during 2020 on forests in Canada and the United States was derived from existing published studies and reports, news items, and policy briefs, amplified by information from interviews with key informants. Actions taken by governments and individuals to control the spread of the virus and mitigate economic impacts caused short-term disruptions in forest products supply chains and accelerated recent trends in consumer behavior. The COVID-19 containment measures delayed or postponed forest management and research; a surge in visitation of forests near urban areas increased vandalism, garbage accumulation, and the danger of fire ignitions. Forests and parks in remote rural areas experienced lower use, particularly those favored by international visitors, negatively affecting nearby communities dependent upon tourism. Physical distancing and isolation increased on-line shopping, remote working and learning; rather than emerging as novel drivers of change, these actions largely accelerated existing trends. On-line shopping sales had a positive effect on the packaging sector and remote working had a negative effect on graphic paper manufacturing. More time at home and low interest rates increased home construction and remodeling, causing historically high lumber prices and localized material shortages. The response to the pandemic has shown that rapid social change is possible; COVID-19 presents a once in-a-lifetime opportunity to shift the global development paradigm toward greater sustainability and a greener, more inclusive economy, in which forests can play a key role. In both Canada and the United States, the notion of directing stimulus and recovery spending beyond meeting immediate needs toward targeting infrastructure development has momentum.
Highlights
The pandemic caused by a new coronavirus that emerged in 2019 (COVID-19) has disrupted society and global economies
The Canadian and United States governments responded to the COVID-19 pandemic by limiting social interactions including travel
The United States Forest Service canceled inperson training required for fire crews (USDOI, 2020; USFS, 2020) and preseason meetings of fire teams held for information sharing and preparation were canceled (USDOI, 2020)
Summary
The pandemic caused by a new coronavirus that emerged in 2019 (COVID-19) has disrupted society and global economies. Corona viruses are primarily spread through the air by coughing and sneezing and close personal contact (NIAID, 2020). Until the development of effective vaccines, the only way to prevent spreading was by reducing human contact. Self-isolation, travel restrictions, and shutting down some forms of economic activity for varying lengths of time, along with mask wearing, were undertaken to try to reduce transmitting the virus. The COVID and North American Forests border between Canada and the United States has been relatively open, with much cross-border traffic and trade. In the face of the pandemic, the border was closed for most traffic in March 2020, and remained a barrier to non-essential travel into 20211. Essential travel, including movement of goods, was exempted from border closure
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