Abstract
2019-nCoV (COVID-19) is a single-stranded, positive-sense, encapsulated betacoronavirus, and continues to spread throughout the world. Various neurological symptoms, ranging from mild to fatal, are continuously reported, raising the importance of a better understanding of the mechanisms through which 2019-nCoV invades and harms the central nervous system (CNS). A systematic review was performed using 18 articles and it was concluded that there is strong evidence supporting the link between 2019-nCoV and nervous damage, and that there are at least three means by which it may directly enter the CNS, and three by which it may cause indirect harm to the CNS.
Highlights
On December of 2019, a distinct form of coronavirus was reported in Wuhan, China, after several people reported to health facilities with severe pneumonia of unknown origin
Genetic analysis of viral particles obtained from respiratory tract samples from affected patients revealed the existence of a new betacoronavirus, dados da produção named 2019 novel coronavirus (2019nCoV) or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), given its genetic similarity to SARSCoV, which had its outbreak in 2002 [1]
Many patients display only respiratory signs of infection, mild and severe neurological symptoms are becoming increasingly recognized as an effect of 2019nCoV: one study reported the development of neurological symptoms or conditions in more than one third of infected patients [3], raising our attention on the virus’ potential to harm the central nervous system (CNS), worsen pre-existing neurological conditions, or lead to long term neurological damage
Summary
On December of 2019, a distinct form of coronavirus was reported in Wuhan, China, after several people reported to health facilities with severe pneumonia of unknown origin. Many patients display only respiratory signs of infection, mild and severe neurological symptoms are becoming increasingly recognized as an effect of 2019nCoV: one study reported the development of neurological symptoms or conditions in more than one third of infected patients [3], raising our attention on the virus’ potential to harm the central nervous system (CNS), worsen pre-existing neurological conditions, or lead to long term neurological damage. With these concerns under consideration, we performed a systematic review of the proposed mechanisms of invasion and injury to the CNS by 2019-nCoV
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