Abstract
With the rapid development of interactive multimedia services and camera sensor networks, the number of network videos is exploding, which has formed a natural carrier library for steganography. In this study, a coverless steganography scheme based on motion analysis of video is proposed. For every video in the database, the robust histograms of oriented optical flow (RHOOF) are obtained, and the index database is constructed. The hidden information bits are mapped to the hash sequences of RHOOF, and the corresponding indexes are sent by the sender. At the receiver, through calculating hash sequences of RHOOF from the cover video, the secret information can be extracted successfully. During the whole process, the cover video remains original without any modification and has a strong ability to resist steganalysis. The capacity is investigated and shows good improvement. The robustness performance is prominent against most attacks such as pepper and salt noise, speckle noise, MPEG-4 compression, and motion JPEG 2000 compression. Compared with the existing coverless information hiding schemes based on images, the proposed method not only obtains a good trade-off between hiding information capacity and robustness but also can achieve higher hiding success rate and lower transmission data load, which shows good practicability and feasibility.
Highlights
In recent years, the demand for information hiding continues to grow, especially for cloud computing environments
Most existing coverless steganography schemes are based on text and images. e text-based methods dug out the text features such as Chinese numeral expression [11], word rank map [12], or word frequency [13, 14] and quantified them. en, the mapping relationship between text features and secret information was established, and the indexes were constructed
In the method proposed by Zhou et al [6], the secret information was converted to bits and divided into several data segments. e image with the same hash sequence as the data segment was selected and transmitted to the receiver as the cover image, from which the receiver could extract the secret information
Summary
The demand for information hiding continues to grow, especially for cloud computing environments. E steganography schemes that hide information by constructing the mapping relationship between cover features and secret information [6, 7] or using autogeneration technology [8,9,10] have aroused the interest of many researchers, which have a strong ability to resist steganalysis. After block discrete cosine transformation (DCT) [22] or discrete wavelet transformation (DWT) [23], the relationship between coefficients of adjacent blocks was used to generate robust feature sequences. It can improve the capacity of hiding information by partitioning the image, but the robustness will be reduced by a larger partition number. Luo et al [27] used recognized objects to hide secret information
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