Abstract
Backgroung: Cervical cancer is a serious public health problem in Brazil and around the world. Its screening through the Pap smear screening is crucial for prevention and early detection. Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the Pap smear ratio in the regions of the State of Rio Grande do Norte from 2008 to 2014, and to describe the regions with lower and higher screening for cervical cancer according to the space. Methods: It is a quantitative, retrospective, descriptive and cross-sectional study that used secondary data from SISCOLO/DATASUS. The sample was composed by the 167 municipalities of the State of Rio Grande do Norte in Brazil, divided by the eight regions of that State. The results were expressed in absolute and relative frequencies, the differences between means were analyzed by the T student tests, in which significant differences were considered when p<0.05. The mapping of results was done through the TabWin program 32. Conclusion: The average ratio of Pap smear varied considerably between the regions of the State in the years 2008 to 2014. There was decrease in the average of the ratio between the years 2008 and 2014, especially in the metropolitan region. Regarding the space, it was seen that most of the municipalities with the lower ratio are located at the ends of the map. Knowing the cytopathological ratio indicator in the regions of the State is fundamental for the management of health in that State, in order to better qualify practitioners and to establish specific goals for the evaluation of coverage of cervical cancer.
Highlights
IntroductionEarly detectable and preventable, is one of the neoplasms that most affects women of childbearing age and is considered a serious public health problem in the world[1]
Cervical cancer, early detectable and preventable, is one of the neoplasms that most affects women of childbearing age and is considered a serious public health problem in the world[1].This type of cancer is a gynecological disease, with significant prevalence and incidence worldwide
In the years 2008 to 2012, all regions of Rio Grande do Norte (RN) obtained average ratio above 0.333, which means a good coverage of the municipalities in relation to the screening test for cervical cancer
Summary
Early detectable and preventable, is one of the neoplasms that most affects women of childbearing age and is considered a serious public health problem in the world[1]. This type of cancer is a gynecological disease, with significant prevalence and incidence worldwide. Despite the great advance in screening, vaccination, diagnosis and early treatment, cervical cancer continues to have high numbers of morbidity and mortality[1,2]. In Brazil, this type of cancer has high incidence and mortality rates, leading to the need for strategies for health promotion, prevention, early detection and treatment, when necessary[3]. The estimated cervical cancer for the year 2014 was approximately 15,590 new cases, representing a rate of 15.33 cases per 100,000 women[4]
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