Abstract
Background: Iodine Deficiency Disorder is one of the biggest worldwide public health problems of today. Fortification of salt with iodine is recognized as the most simple and cost effective strategy to achieve recommended daily intake of iodine. Hence this study wanted to assess coverage of adequately iodized salt & associated factors at household level in Goba town. Methods: Community based cross-sectional survey conducted among 598 households using concurrent qualitative & quantitative method in Goba town, South East Ethiopia from August 1-30, 2013. Data were collected by trained diploma nurses supervised by BSC nurses. Interviewer administered questionnaire & rapid field test kits were used to collect the data. Data were cleaned, coded & entered in to EPI Info and exported to SPSS for analysis. Data were summarized in tables & charts. Variables having p value ≤ 0.2 in univariate analysis were entered into multivariate logistic regression to test association between the outcome and predictable variables at p value ≤ 0.05. Results: From a total of 596 households included in the study, only 30% of the households were covered by adequately iodized salt. Regarding the associated factors, about coverage of adequately iodized salt, not exposing to sunlight, purchasing from supermarkets or big shops & perceived cheap were found to be statistically significant with AOR (95% CI) = 2.20 (1.31, 3.60), 1.91 (1.10, 3.34), 1.70 (1.10, 2.0) respectively. Conclusion: Coverage of adequately iodized salt at household level was low (30%) in Goba town. The main associated factors were not exposing to sun light, purchased from big shop or supermarket & perceived cheap. Households’ should be educated about proper handling of iodized salt at household level.
Highlights
Iodine Deficiency Disorder is one of the biggest worldwide public health problems of today.Fortification of salt with iodine is recognized as the most simple and cost effective strategy to achieve recommended daily intake of iodine
Among those 555 (93.1%) were females, 196 (32.9%) of respondents lies within 25-34 years of age category, 411 (69%) married, 445 (74.7%) Christian in religion, 316 (53%) Oromo by ethnicity while, 186 (31.2%) had at least above secondary school in their educational status, 309 (51%) housewives’, 200 (33.6%) had family size > five, 265 (44.5%) of respondents’ average monthly family income ranges from 450-1499 Ethiopia Birr (Table1)
This study revealed that only 30% of the households in Goba town were covered by adequately iodized salt (≥15ppm) which was very low compared to study conducted among 8 states of India (51%), Lucknow district of India (64.2%), &
Summary
Iodine Deficiency Disorder is one of the biggest worldwide public health problems of today.Fortification of salt with iodine is recognized as the most simple and cost effective strategy to achieve recommended daily intake of iodine. This study wanted to assess coverage of adequately iodized salt & associated factors at household level in Goba town. About coverage of adequately iodized salt, not exposing to sunlight, purchasing from supermarkets or big shops & perceived cheap were found to be statistically significant with AOR (95% CI) = 2.20 (1.31, 3.60), 1.91 (1.10, 3.34), 1.70 (1.10, 2.0) respectively. Conclusion: Coverage of adequately iodized salt at household level was low (30%) in Goba town. Failure to have adequate iodine leads to insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which affects different parts of the body, muscle, heart, liver, kidney, and the developing brain. Inadequate hormone production adversely affects these tissues resulting in the disease states known collectively as iodine deficiency disorders [2]. It is one of the world’s major causes of preventable cognitive impairment, posing a threat to social & economic development of countries [5]
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