Course and outcome of retinopathy of prematurity in babies of multiple pregnancies

Abstract

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the course and outcome of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in babies of multiple pregnancies (twin and triplet neonates).Patients and methods This is a retrospective study in which we reviewed the records of 128 babies (all twin and triplet neonates), who were admitted to the biggest neonatal ICU in El Mahalla El-Kubra City, Gharbeya province, Egypt over the period between January 1, 2019 and July 1, 2021. The clinical information about perinatal neonates was collected. The main outcome measures were incidence, course, and final outcome of ROP in terms of regression (spontaneous or after treatment) or progression. The relationship of the clinical risk factors and the development of ROP were also analyzed.Results The overall incidence of ROP in twins and triplets was 36%, which was statistically higher in triplets (24/36=66.6%) than in twins (22/92=24%) (P<0.001). The overall incidence of type 1 ROP was 28%. In 30 pairs of twins (30/46=65%), the course was symmetrical in both babies, while in 16 (35%) pairs, the course and outcome were asymmetrical. In six triplets (6/12=50%) the course was symmetrical, while in the other six (50%) triplets the course was asymmetrical.Conclusion ROP can take asymmetrical course in twins and triplets. Even it can happen only in the heavier baby. Therefore, examination of both babies of twins and all babies of triplets is essential in ROP protocols.