Abstract
Bent solenoids can transmit charged particle beams while providing momentum dispersion. While less familiar than quadrupole and dipole systems, bent solenoids can produce superficially simple transport lines and large acceptance spectrometers for use at low energies. Design issues such as drift compensation and coupling sections between straight and bent solenoids are identified, and aberrations such as shears produced by perpendicular error fields are discussed. Examples are considered which provide the basis for the design of emittance exchange elements for the cooling system of a muon collider.
Highlights
Solenoidal focusing systems have been used in many low energy, linear beam transport applications for many years [1]
High energy optical systems which will use solenoids with bends are being considered for transport and cooling of muons in a muon collider [2,3], transport of muons for the study of muon decays [4,5], charge separation [6], and electron cooling of high energy proton and antiproton beams [7]
One of the basic assumptions generally made in high energy beam optics is that B fields are perpendicular to the direction of motion
Summary
Solenoidal focusing systems have been used in many low energy, linear beam transport applications for many years [1]. The use of external magnetic fields as well as fields from the beam itself are common These effects have been described in the context of plasma confinement systems such as the tokamak and the stellarator. The solutions applicable in plasma physics, which involve rotating the whole assembly of particles on its axis, are not generally applicable to high energy beam optics. The use of both straight and bent elements together is not common, these systems can do many of the things normally associated with magnetic spectrometers, such as magnetic analysis, charge separation, and transverse projections of longitudinal emittance. Examples are shown which give the magnitude of effects in realistic cases
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