Coupling of physical extraction and mathematical filtration in spectrophotometric analysis of natural therapy essential for prophylaxis and treatment of COVID-19 infection - Comparative study along with greenness evaluation

Abstract

Diosmin (DIO) and hesperidin (HSP) are important classes of flavonoid glycoside effectively used to prevent comorbid diseases that are commonly associated with COVID-19. An innovative, green, ccurate, effective, cost, and timeless spectrophotometric strategy was established to analyze such challengeable mixture in a co-formulated tablet namely Diosed C® tablets that comprises DIO, HSP and vitamin C (VIT. C) in the ratio of (450 mg: 50 mg: 100 mg) necessary for prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Vitamin C was resolved through physical extraction using de-ionized water while DIO and HSP were extracted via spectrophotometric methods using two different solvents [0.1 M NaOH or solvent blend consisting of DMSO and methanol (1:1)]. Mathematical filtration technique is successfully applied to recover the parent spectra of both DIO and HSP via three methods which are absorbance resolution (AR), Induced absorbance resolution (IAR) and ratio extraction (RE). VIT. C was successfully analyzed in de-ionized water using its maxima at 266.0 nm in a linearity range 2.0–20.0 μg/mL, DIO was effectively determined in 0.1 M NaOH at 372.0 nm in a linearity range of 7.0–70.0 μg/mL as well as in solvent blend at 344.0 nm in linearity range of 5.0–55.0 μg/mL while HSP was accurately analyzed in 0.1 M NaOH at 240.0 nm in linearity range of 3.5–50.0 μg/mL as well as in solvent blend at 285.0 nm in linearity range of 4.0–50.0 μg/mL. Satisfactory results were accomplished when conducting ICH guidelines for assuring the methods validation. Comparative study was introduced in the analysis of such critical combination and was prosperously devoted for the effective analysis of pharmaceutical dosage form. The proposed extraction pathways undergo the guidelines of green analytical chemistry using Analytical Eco-Scale (AES), AGREE and GAPI greenness assessment tools which confirmed their eco-friendly nature with priority to 0.1 M NaOH. The obtained results of the suggested methods were set side by side with those of official/reported methods statistically and show satisfactory implications. The presented methods were simple, affordable, smoothly applicable and their results were acceptable that enhances their usage and application in the quality control laboratories.