Abstract
In this work, we proposed to include remote sensing techniques as a part of the methodology for natural lake bottom mapping, with a focus on the littoral zone. Due to the inaccessibility of this zone caused by dense vegetation, measurements of the lake bottom and the coastline are also difficult to perform using traditional methods. The authors of this paper present, discuss and verify the applicability of remote sensing active sensors as a tool for measurements in the shore zone of a lake. The single-beam Lowrance HDS-7 ComboGPS echosounder with an 83/200 kHz transducer and a two-beam LiDAR RIEGL VQ-1560i-DW scanner have been used for reservoir bottom measurements of two neighboring lakes, which differ in terms of water transparency. The research has found a strong correlation between both sonar and LiDAR for mapping the bottom depth in a range up to 1.6 m, and allowed LiDAR mapping of approximately 20% of the highly transparent lake, but it has not been found to be useful in water with low transparency. In the light of the conducted research, both devices, sonar and LiDAR, have potential for complementary use by fusing both methods: the sonar for mapping of the sublittoral and the pelagic zone, and the LiDAR for mapping of the littoral zone, overcoming limitation related to vegetation in the lake shore zone.
Highlights
As the human population grows, so does the demand for water
Coastline interpretation based on LiDAR data is often showing in these places the course of the pier and not the actual coastline
Another reason for the differences may be due to the watercraft moored next to the piers, which can change their position during scanning in relation to the geodetic measurement, which results in measurement heterogeneity (Figure 10A,B)
Summary
Adverse changes in the quality and quantity of water affected by anthropopressure are observed This problem is exacerbated by climate change. Particular emphasis should be put on the coastal zones of lakes, which are habitats that combine the features of land and water environments. They play an important role in limiting the negative impact of the catchment on the ecological status of surface water. The buffer capacity of a coastal zone depends on the hydromorphological features of the lake basin [2,3] and land use [4] According to Annex V of [5], among the morphological characteristics of a lake, particular attention
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