Coupling of Abiotic and Biotic Parameters to Evaluate Performance of Combining Natural Lagooning and Use of Two Sand Filters in the Treatment of Landfill Leachates

Abstract

A study in the Etueffont landfill, located in Belfort (France), was conducted to evaluate the performance of combining natural lagooning and use of two sand filters for treating leachates through the coupling estimation of several abiotic and biotic parameters. Two gravel filters were installed in the upstream of the first basin which communicates with the remaing 2, 3 and 4 basins. The distribution of physical-chemical (T, pH, Eh, EC, O2, SM, SO4 2−, Cl−, Zn, Fe, Mg, Ni, Al, As, Ba, Cu, Sn, Zn, BOD, COD, KN, NH4 +, NO2 −, TP, AOX: absorbable organic halides, VFA: volatile fatty acids, and atrazine) and biological (bacteria, protozoa, phytoplankton) parameters was assessed in the leachate entering in basin 1, and downstream of the filters. The results showed slight variations in the physical-chemical composition of the leachate between 1999 and 2000, most likely ascribed to the maturation of the landfill but a very significant removal of SM (suspended matter) by the sand filters. This, applied to the majority of the studied parameters. Thus, the sand filter treatment of the leachates combined with natural lagooning was efficient in the improvement of water clarification.