Abstract
The acoustic pressure within hydraulic systems, referred to as pressure ripple, is a high intensity energy source that can be utilized for powering sensor networks. A section of such a system can be modeled as a one dimensional waveguide, where the intensity can reach up to 1000 mW/cm2 from a 300 kPa pressure ripple (peak-to-peak acoustic pressure) within a hydraulic system. Hydraulic pressure energy harvesters (HPEH) are devices designed to convert the pressure ripple into electrical energy, thereby enabling wireless sensor nodes. HPEH couple the dynamic fluid pressure to a piezoelectric stack, which is connected to a harvester circuit to optimize power output. A key aspect of the HPEH design is the fluid-mechanical coupling of the pressure ripple to the stack for maximizing the energy extracted. The efficiency of HPEH device and harvester circuit potential power output can be determined using the volume velocity of the pressure ripple, the coupling efficiency of the HPEH, and the conversion efficiency of the piezoelectric stack. In this work, the coupling efficiency and the power output efficiency of currently developed HPEH devices will be analyzed and compared to modeled efficiency of such devices.
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