Abstract
In areas where solar energy is abundant, such as the Tibetan plateau, passive solar buildings are attracting more and more attention and becoming a popular form of rural building. However, it is often difficult to achieve the satisfactory indoor thermal environment in a local rural passive solar single-family house. In order to improve the indoor thermal environment of passive solar buildings through building design, a systematic study of rural single-family buildings in Tibet was conducted. The basic parameters were investigated on the outdoor thermal environment, space-arrangement, envelope structure, and the indoor thermal environment. The building model considering space-arrangement modes was developed based on the survey data in multi-space passive solar buildings. The general physical and mathematical analysis models of multi-space passive solar buildings were established based on the heat transfer theory. Furthermore, the effects of space-arrangement and exterior wall thermal resistance on indoor air temperature were analyzed by numerical simulation. Results show that the indoor air temperature of the passive solar building is influenced by space-arrangement and wall thermal resistance together. When the space-arrangement of the building model was changed from “north-south through type” (mode a) to “through and separation combination” (mode b) and “north-south separation” (mode c), the indoor air temperature of the living room increased from 8.8 °C to 10.6 °C and 11.6 °C, with increases of 20.5% and 31.8%, respectively. In addition, equally increasing the thermal resistance of exterior walls in different orientations has different effects on the indoor air temperature. In the space-arrangement mode c, comparing with the temperature increment of the living room and bedroom caused by increasing thermal resistance of the south wall and north wall, the temperature increment of the living room caused by increasing thermal resistance of the east/west wall increased by 151.7% and 32.7%, and that of the bedroom increased by 609.1% and 239.1% respectively. This study can provide a reference for the optimal design of passive solar buildings in solar energy abundant areas.
Highlights
There is a growing concern over energy supply and ecological environment conservation in the world
The reported results of local solar radiation estimation [9] and developed passive solar technologies [10,11,12,13] make it possible to utilize solar energy to cater to the energy needs of building heating
The average diurnal variation of solar radiation intensity and the outdoor air temperature over the testing period is shown in Figures 3 and 4
Summary
There is a growing concern over energy supply and ecological environment conservation in the world. Published research on the indoor thermal environment of multi-space buildings indicated that the indoor air temperature of each independent room was different [20]. The arrangement of indoor space had a significant effect on the solar energy utilizing efficiency and the indoor thermal environment of passive solar buildings. If the same heat transfer coefficient is applied to the wall design for all orientations, though this can simplify the thermal design and construction of the wall, it neglects the influence of solar radiation difference in different directions on wall heat transfer, and is not effectively conducive to the optimization of the energy-efficient wall. The heat transfer process of multi-space solar buildings is more complicated than that of single-space conditions with thethat orientation, and an openthermal thermodynamic which energy buildings. The renovation that effectively combines the optimization of the wall thermal performance and the improve the indoor thermal environment in the passive solar building in winter.
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