Countering Aminoglycoside Modifying Enzymes

Abstract

Aminoglycosides are a group of broad-spectrum antibiotics that progress the formation of antibiotic-resistant strains. As many microbes have the capability to encounter them with their diverse defense mechanisms, this shed light on the vulnerability of aminoglycosides as antibiotics. Consistent use of numerous antibiotics has resulted in multi drug resistant (MDR) strains, becoming the most sensitive and high-priority concern. The microbial resistance against aminoglycosides is due to Aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (AMEs), which improvise the chemical structure of aminoglycosides and cease the ability of the antibiotic to bind to its natural target site. Evolutionary processes make AMEs capable of resisting most natural and semi-synthetic antibiotics. Consequently, constructing AMEs inhibition strategies may block the modification of aminoglycosides by AMEs to counter the problem of MDR bacteria. This chapter provides insight into understanding aminoglycosides and AMEs interactions, which play a pivotal role in developing inhibitory strategies. It may be helpful to counter the threat of MDR.