Coulomb interaction during coherent transport of electrons in quantum wires

Abstract

A model is found whereby the Coulomb interaction during electron transport in quantum wires of finite length with current-lead contacts can be taken into account exactly (within the framework of the bosonization method). It is established that the charge density distribution along a wire in the case of the real Coulomb interaction is strongly different from the Luttinger liquid model, where the interaction is assumed to be short-ranged. The charge density near the contacts is found to be much higher than in the model with a short-range interaction, but away from the contacts the two densities are closer to each other.