Coulomb interaction and valley-orbit coupling in Si quantum dots

Abstract

The valley-orbit coupling in a few-electron Si quantum dot is expected to be a function of its occupation number $N$. We study the spectrum of multivalley Si quantum dots for $2\ensuremath{\le}N\ensuremath{\le}4$, showing that, counterintuitively, electron-electron interaction effects on the valley-orbit coupling are negligible. For $N=2$ they are suppressed by valley interference, for $N=3$ they vanish due to spinor overlaps, and for $N=4$ they cancel between different pairs of electrons. To corroborate our theoretical findings, we examine the experimental energy spectrum of a few-electron metal-oxide-semiconductor quantum dot. The measured spin-valley state filling sequence in a magnetic field reveals that the valley-orbit coupling is definitively unaffected by the occupation number.