Abstract
The symmetry, energy, dipole and quadrupole moments of the ground states in `Thomson's problem' of point Coulomb charges on a sphere are found and analized for the number of charges N=2–100. The equilibrium configurations are considered as closed quasi-2D triangular lattices with topological defects (disclinations of various charge). An appropriate classification of the structures is proposed. The approach is compared with the description of the configurations in terms of `ring structures on sphere'. The problem has a number of physical and chemical realizations.
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