Could vitamin D deficiency have an impact on motor and cognitive function in Parkinson\u2019s disease?

Rasha H Soliman,Mohammed I Oraby,Mona Hussein,Sanaa Abd El-Shafy,Sara Mostafa

doi:10.1186/s41983-019-0084-9

Rasha H Soliman, Mohammed I Oraby + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s41983-019-0084-9

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Abstract

BackgroundMultiple epidemiological data showed a significant higher prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD).ObjectivesTo assess the serum vitamin D level in patients with Parkinson’s disease and to investigate the possible relationship between the serum vitamin D level and both motor and cognitive symptoms in Parkinson’s diseaseMaterials and methodsA case-control study was conducted on 25 patients who fulfilled the criteria for diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease based on the British Brain Bank criteria, and 25 healthy volunteers. Selected PD patients were submitted for assessment of cognitive function using the PD - Cognitive Rating Scale (PD-CRS) and assessment of motor function using the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). Serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D level was measured for all the included patients and controls.ResultsPD patients were found to have a significantly lower level of serum vitamin D than controls (P value = 0.001). There was a statistically significant negative correlation between the serum vitamin D level and the scores of motor, mentation, activities of daily living, medication complication, other complications, and the total score of UPDRS (P value = 0.01, < 0.001, 0.012, 0.017, 0.039, and 0.002 respectively). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the serum vitamin D level and the scores of attention, working memory, immediate recall, delayed recall, naming, visuoperceptual abilities, visuoconstructional abilities, alternating verbal fluency, action verbal fluency, and the total score of PD-CRS (P value < 0.001 in all parameters).ConclusionVitamin D deficiency is evident in PD patient, and such deficiency significantly affected both motor and cognitive symptoms.

Highlights

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease; it affects 1–2/1000 population at any time
Vitamin D deficiency is evident in PD patient, and such deficiency significantly affected both motor and cognitive symptoms
The demographic data, clinical characteristics, and serum vitamin D level for included PD patients and controls were reported as mean ± SD and number (%) for categorical variables

Summary

Introduction

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease; it affects 1–2/1000 population at any time. Several epidemiologic studies have suggested an inverse relationship between circulating vitamin D levels and the risk of PD. Serum level of vitamin D is significantly lower in patients with PD compared to. In a meta-analysis on the relationship between the vitamin D level and PD that included 20 studies (1 interventional, 14 observational, and 5 rodent studies), serum levels of 25(OH)D in PD patients were lower than in controls and higher levels of vitamin D were associated with better motor functions in most of the included studies [7]. Higher levels of vitamin D in PD patients were associated with better mood and cognitive function [8]. Multiple epidemiological data showed a significant higher prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD)

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