Could Some Black Holes Have Evolved from Wormholes?

Peter K F Kuhfittig

doi:10.3814/2008/296158

Abstract

One way to explain the present acceleration of the Universe is Einstein's cosmological constant. It is quite likely, in view of some recent studies, that a time-dependent equation of state had caused the Universe to evolve from an earlier phantom-energy model. In that case traversable wormholes could have formed spontaneously. It is shown in this paper that such wormholes would eventually have become black holes. This would provide a possible explanation for the huge number of black holes discovered, while any evidence for the existence of wormholes is entirely lacking, even though wormholes are just as good, in terms of being a prediction of general relativity, as black holes.

Highlights

This would provide a possible explanation for the huge number of black holes discovered, while any evidence for the existence of wormholes is entirely missing, even though wormholes are just as good, in terms of being a prediction of general relativity, as black holes
Traversable wormholes, whose possible existence was first conjectured by Morris and Thorne in 1988 [1], are shortcuts or tunnels that could in principle be used for traveling to remote parts of our Universe or to different universes altogether
Using units in which c = G = 1, a wormhole can be described by the general line element ds2 = −e2γ(r)dt2 + e2α(r)dr2 + r2 dθ2 + sin2θ dφ2 . (1)

Summary

Introduction

Traversable wormholes, whose possible existence was first conjectured by Morris and Thorne in 1988 [1], are shortcuts or tunnels that could in principle be used for traveling to remote parts of our Universe or to different universes altogether. Which may be viewed as a black hole centered at the origin of a (t, r, θ, φ) coordinate system Both wormholes and black holes are predictions of Einstein’s general theory of relativity. It is proposed that if the equation of state evolved into the present cosmological constant model, any wormhole that had previously come into existence would have formed an event horizon, thereby becoming a black hole. This would provide a possible explanation for the failure to detect any evidence of wormholes, while black holes appear to be abundant

Background

The Metric

The Equation of State

The Flare-Out Conditions

Implications