Could Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Levels IL-6, IL-8, TNFα, Total Antioxidant Status and Lactate Dehydrogenase Be Associated with Peri-Implant Bone Loss? A Pilot Study

Sergiu Drafta,Irina Adriana Beuran,Alexandru Eugen Petre,Liliana Burlibasa,Dragos Mihai Guita,Corina Marilena Cristache,Mihai Burlibasa

doi:10.3390/app112211012

Sergiu Drafta, Irina Adriana Beuran + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/app112211012

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Abstract

Background: The mechanisms of periimplantitis are mostly based on biofilm-induced inflammatory lesions around dental implants. However, the host reaction, reflected by the intensity of the inflammatory response to bacterial products, is crucial for peri-implant bone destruction. The aim of this pilot study was to measure total antioxidant status (TAS), the amount of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor), salivary lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and the correlation with one-year peri-implant bone loss. Methods: Seven consecutive patients (Group 1), with the presence of at least one prior inserted dental implant, and three healthy individuals, fully dentate (Group 0), were enrolled. IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, TAS and LDH were determined in saliva of both groups. Peri-implant marginal bone loss (MBL) at one year compared to baseline was evaluated for Group 1. Results: A statistically significant positive correlation was found in Group 1 between MBL and the IL-8 (p = 0.033) and a strong negative correlation between MBL and TAS (p = 0.002), but no statistically significant differences of the assessed parameters were found between the two groups. Conclusions: In the limits of the present preliminary study, salivary TAS and proinflammatory cytokines could be associated with the risk of peri-implant bone loss over time.

Highlights

Implant-anchored restorations have become, over the years, a very predictable alternative to conventional prosthetic restorations [1]
The values of the parameters assessed in the Group 1 patient saliva (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, to the lack of normal distribution and the small sample size, the Kendall-τ test was antioxidant status and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)) were compared to the mean values of the reference Group 0
A statistically significant positive correlation was found in Group 1 between marginal bone loss (MBL)

Summary

Introduction

Implant-anchored restorations have become, over the years, a very predictable alternative to conventional prosthetic restorations [1] It is generally considered a safe, risk-free surgical procedure, with a high success rate, inserting an implant can lead to immediate failure, depending mostly on the surgical technique used, or late failure due to complications occurring over time [2]. Weyant and Burt [8] examined the survival rate of implants and observed a small number of patients losing many implants Based on this finding, they estimated that patients who had one implant lost were 1.3 times more likely to lose more implants. They estimated that patients who had one implant lost were 1.3 times more likely to lose more implants This observation led to the hypothesis that host factors affect implant survival, and genetic predisposition may be involved in the development of periimplantitis. Most of the recent studies highlighted that the polymorphisms of cytokines play a vital role in the immune response, but no decisive results have been shown to recommend genetic testing prior to implants’ insertion [9,10]

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