Cottonization of Decorticated and Degummed Flax Fiber - A Novel Approach to Improving the Quality of Flax Fiber and its Biomedical Applications

Abstract

ABSTRACT There is a growing demand for high-quality natural fibers, including flax fibers, which possess bioactive compounds with antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Traditional methods like dew retting are commonly used for flax fiber production, but alternative approaches are sought for enhanced fiber quality. This study presents a novel method involving cottonization to improve the quality of flax fibers obtained from low-quality decorticated fibers. The research evaluates the quality enhancement through various stages of the new method, comparing it with dew retting. Studies conducted on both transgenic (B14) and non-transgenic flax fibers revealed a decrease in fiber polymers and bioactive compounds after cottonization compared to dew retting. However, despite this reduction, the antioxidant potential of cottonized fibers increased significantly. Moreover, cottonized flax fibers exhibited high antimicrobial activity, particularly against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Furthermore, extracts from both transgenic and non-transgenic cottonized flax fibers showed cytotoxic effects on hamster lung fibroblast cells, indicating potential future applications in cancer research. These findings highlight the potential of cottonization in enhancing the quality and bioactivity of flax fibers, paving the way for further exploration in various applications, including medical and textile industries.