Cotangent similarity measure of single-valued neutrosophic interval sets with confidence level for risk-grade evaluation of prostate cancer

Abstract

The indeterminacy/inconsistency information of physicians’ confident degrees regarding their judgments is not considered in existing risk-grade evaluation methods of prostate cancer (PC). To overcome the insufficiency, based on the single-valued neutrosophic interval sets (SvNISs) expressing the hybrid information of both the uncertain judgment given by an interval number and the confident degree regarding the uncertain judgment expressed by a single-valued neutrosophic number, this original study contributes a cotangent similarity measure of SvNISs with confidence level, and a novel risk-grade evaluation method of PC by using the confidence level-based cotangent similarity measure. Then, 16 PC actual clinical cases are used to demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the developed risk-grade evaluation method in SvNIS setting. Finally, the comparison analysis with other existing evaluation methods and the sensitivity analysis of confidence levels show that the proposed risk-grade evaluation method of PC is reasonable and effective.