Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Not On Tobacco Program for Adolescent Smoking Cessation

Abstract

Public health researchers and practitioners emphasize the need for effective, adoptable, and available youth smoking cessation interventions. Scarce resources demand that such interventions also be cost effective. This study describes a cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) of the American Lung Association's Not On Tobacco (N-O-T) national and international teen smoking cessation program. N-O-T has been rigorously evaluated as an effective and adoptable program, and was recently found to be the most frequently-used teen smoking cessation program in the nation. N-O-T studies show intent-to-treat quit rates between 15% and 19%, among the highest reported in the literature. The current CEA resulted from a 2-year state-wide demonstration study in Florida, comparing the effectiveness of N-O-T with a 20-min brief intervention (BI). The CEA utilized a Markov transition model of decision analysis to explain stage progression of smoking cessation among participants from the age of 17 to 25 years. The Markov simulation predicted that out of a cohort of 100 N-O-T students, 10 will quit smoking and remain smoke-free at the age of 25 years and 14 will reduce smoking, resulting in 102.22 life years saved and a total of 20.11 years discounted life years (DLY) saved. Among BI youth, six will quit smoking and nine will reduce, indicating 64.31 life years saved and a total 12.65 DLY saved. The incremental DLY saved is 7.46 years. Results indicate that N-O-T is a very cost-effective option school-based smoking cessation, as cost effective as school-based primary tobacco prevention, and potentially more cost effective than adult tobacco use cessation.