Abstract
The energy saving potential of existing buildings is significant compared to new buildings in the EU region. To reduce significantly the CO2 emissions of buildings, energy efficiency of old buildings need to be improved. Aim of this study is to determine cost-optimal solutions for energy renovation and renewable energy production systems for an old existing service building. The example building of this study is a residence for elderly people, which was built in 1955 and located in Finland. This study was carried out by a dynamic building simulation tool IDA-ICE and multi objective optimization tool MOBO. The cost-optimal renovation concepts were determined from over 2.6 billion renovation measure combinations to minimize both target energy consumption and life-cycle costs over 20 years. The results show that air-to-water heat pump is more cost effective heating system for the studied building than district heating from the building owner point of view. Improving thermal insulation level of the external walls from the original level is not the most cost-effective option to improve the energy efficiency of the building. Instead of that, for example, installation of PV and solar thermal systems are recommended in all the cost-optimal solutions regardless of the target energy consumption level.
Highlights
2 MethodsThe European commission presented its strategic longterm vision for net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 [1]
To achieve the net-zero emission level by 2050 energy efficiency of existing buildings needs to be improved significantly. This underlines the pressure of increasing the refurbishment rate and the need of costoptimal energy performance renovation measures for existing buildings
Pareto-optimal solutions presented in the figure determine cost optimal solution for both heating systems and each target energy consumption level
Summary
2 MethodsThe European commission presented its strategic longterm vision for net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 [1]. The current building refurbishment rate within the EU is rather low 0.5–1.2% in a year, depending on the region [3]. This refurbishment rate includes all refurbishments, even those that do not include energysaving measures. To achieve the net-zero emission level by 2050 energy efficiency of existing buildings needs to be improved significantly. This underlines the pressure of increasing the refurbishment rate and the need of costoptimal energy performance renovation measures for existing buildings
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