Abstract
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biomedical Reports,2019,5,3s,S20-S22.DOI:10.5530/PTB.2019.5.33Published:September 2019Type:Research ArticleAuthors:Yousef Ahmed Alomi, Sultan Mohammed Al-Jarallah, and Faiz A. Bahadig Author(s) affiliations:Yousef Ahmed Alomi*, The Former General Manager of General Administration of Pharmaceutical Care, Former Head, National Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice. Former Head, Pharmacy R&D Administration, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, SAUDI ARABIA. Sultan Mohammed Al-Jarallah, Head, Ambulatory Care Pharmacy, Oncology and Hematology Clinical Pharmacist, Pharmaceutical Care Department, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, SAUDI ARABIA. Faiz A. Bahadig, Informatics Pharmacist, Pharmaceutical Care Department, King Abdul-Aziz Medical, City-WR-Jeddah, Ministry of National Guard, SAUDI ARABIA. Abstract:Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to estimate cost-efficiency of clinical pharmacy services in Saudi Arabia by using American model. Methods: This is a simulation study which includes data of all 5 months of providing clinical pharmacy services for adults organized by local drug information center at biggest public hospital in Riyadh city. Ten clinical pharmacists and expert trained pharmacists provided clinical pharmacy services at the hospital including drug information services, poisoning control services, therapeutic drug monitoring services, orthopedic services, oncology services, Pharmacoeconomical services and pain management services. All pharmacists should document the clinical pharmacy activities on a monthly basis. The estimated cost avoidance was calculated by using two International Studies Models, expressed in US dollars (USDs). The cost considered were the expected results of drug-related inquiries, poisoning information calls if not resolved and pharmacist intervention for all other clinical pharmacy services. Results: The total average estimated monthly cost avoidance from all clinical services (17,554,931.46 USD) with cumulative cost avoidance was 65,830,992.97 USD during the study period. The estimated total cost avoidance annually was 210,659,177.52 USD. The highest cost avoidance came from poisoning services, whose estimated cost avoidance was 61.8% (9,110,026.40 USD) followed by drug information services, whose estimated cost avoidance was 26.8% (4,711,273.50 USD) and other clinical pharmacy services, whose estimated cost avoidance was 11.4% (2,006,444.63 USD). Each USD invested in the clinical pharmacist estimated cost avoidance was an average of 28.76 USD. Each USD invested in the clinical pharmacist provides poisoning control services estimated cost avoidance was an average of 17.77 USD and each USD invested in the clinical pharmacist provide drug information services estimated cost avoidance was an average of 7.7 USD. Conclusion: The clinical pharmacy services had a very high economic impact on the healthcare system in the local public hospital. In the future, we are targeting to expand the clinical pharmacy services to prevent drug-related cost in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Keywords:Clinical pharmacy, Cost-efficiency, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaView:PDF (135.33 KB) PDF PDF Images Cost-efficiency of Clinical Pharmacy Services at Ministry of Health Hospital, Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia
Highlights
The clinical pharmacy services was started in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in the late-1970s,1,2 whereas it was started at the Ministry of Health hospitals in the mid-1980s
The studies on the general clinical pharmacy services on the measurement of economic impact investigated overseas countries; to the best of our knowledge, there are no similar studies conducted in the Saudi Arabia, Gulf and Middle Eastern countries.[14,15,16,17]
The highest cost avoidance came from poisoning services, whose estimated cost avoidance was 51.4% (6,832,519.80 US dollars (USD)), followed by drug information services, whose estimated cost avoidance was 26.59% (3,533,455.13 USD) and other clinical pharmacy services, whose estimated cost avoidance was 11.32% (1,504,833.47 USD) of the total
Summary
The clinical pharmacy services was started in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in the late-1970s,1,2 whereas it was started at the Ministry of Health hospitals in the mid-1980s.1,2 Several clinical pharmacy services founded at that time included but not limited to the drug information services, therapeutic drug monitoring services, rounds with clinical teams and total parental nutrition.[1,2] The clinical pharmacy services focused on drug information, formulary management system, antibiotics monitoring and rounds with medical and surgical teams. Several studies have illustrated the clinical outcome and economic impact of critical pharmacy services.[3] Some investigations focused on, for instance, drug information services, therapeutic drug monitoring services and on total parenteral nutrition.[4,5,6,7,8] Other studies have focused on the general clinical activities, for instance, pharmacists interventions and prevention of medications errors.[9,10,11,12,13] The studies on the general clinical pharmacy services on the measurement of economic impact investigated overseas countries; to the best of our knowledge, there are no similar studies conducted in the Saudi Arabia, Gulf and Middle Eastern countries.[14,15,16,17] in this study, we aimed to explore the cost-efficiency of clinical pharmacy services in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
